Modern Principle of Sustainability

Sustainability is multidimensional in that it necessarily includes social and economic value dimensions in addition to environmental value dimensions. To establish and maintain sustainability within any aspect of life one must consider all three value dimensions simultaneously. To give attention to one without giving attention to the other may potentially compromise the system as a whole which may then inhibit any potential for sustainability.



Dimensions of Sustainability

Now, having said that, there is certainly nothing wrong with focusing on one value dimension provided it does not come at the expense of another. Green, for example, is primarily thought of as an environmental concern. It is very easy to get caught up in that way of thinking and to forget that there are also social and economic aspects of green.

Social value: healthier home environments leads to healthier people which leads to healthier communities
Economic value: lower operating costs, greater home value, longer economic value lifecycle
Environmental value: less pollution, energy efficient and better use of natural resources.

Energy efficiency, Cost Reduction, and CO2 Abatement

Global climate change challenges us to transform the ways in which we generate and use energy. Based on the findings of the world’s climate scientists and mitigation experts, substantial emissions reductions are necessary to avoid significant changes in the earth’s atmosphere with severe consequences for human health and the global environment. The most recent consensus findings of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) state that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions need to be reduced by 50 to 85 percent by 2050 to avoid global temperature rise of 2.5 degrees Celsius or more, and global GHG emissions must stop rising no later than 2015 (IPCC, 2007). With the majority of government leaders taking steps to act on these findings, there are intensified efforts in many nations to develop low-cost emissions reduction options in the near term. This puts energy efficiency in the climate policy spotlight as a near-term, low-cost resource for reducing the growth in carbon emissions and lowering the ultimate cost of reducing GHG emissions. Energy efficiency provides multiple public benefits regardless of its carbon emissions impacts. It reduces home and business energy costs, improves productivity, stimulates economic growth, reduces energy market prices, improves energy system reliability, reduces criteria air pollutant emissions, and enhances national energy security. Savings from reduced energy consumption typically outweigh the cost of the energy efficiency investment. Thus, efficiency reduces the overall cost of energy services.
http://www.blogger.com/img/blank.gif
Increased energy efficiency investment combats global climate change in two primary ways. First, simply put, “the less energy used, the fewer emissions produced.” While this general statement overlooks the more complex relationships between energy efficiency and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, it places energy efficiency in a core role for future energy and climate policies and programs. Second, cost-effective energy efficiency achieves these environmental benefits at low cost, and thus can reduce the economic costs of achieving climate policy goals.

The remaining parts I am going to post soon.There are lots of thing remaining here to write.I will become always fresh when writing in such topics.
more links:
Energy saving list for industry

Facts about Solar Energy

Solar Energy :Important to Know now adays
Solar Energy is freely available all the time.No need to pay for it.This is renewable energy and mostly available environmental friendly firm of energy available to us.The main environmetal burden remains in the production of converting device. environmental burdens concerns with Solar Collector Panel,inverter ,battery with controller including connecting wire in case of solar electricity and may be another type of environmental concerns may arise in solar thermal.
There are several application of solar energy in our daily life which are free of cost.we need to increase the application of solar energy in every aspect of life as far as possible to minimize use of fossile fuel based energy as far convcerns.
It is better to use solar energy in combination withother form of energy.In this way we can optimize overal energy system in any industry in huge basis.
Application of solar energy system are:
(1)Heating Water in our daily use in household(we can use this in combination with electric heater or gas heater).We can use 50-100Liter Solar Water heater in single house hold.
(2)Solar electricity(small scale to bigger one):we can save huge amount of kerosene in rural areas by small solar home system.we can use 5W peak panel and 2 solar tuki light for small rural home.Combinatino of 10W peak panel with support structure,controller and 20Wh batter with 2*5W CFL light for light small house and bigger ones depends on the how much light are necessary.Rural people in Nepal are using solar electricity specially for lighting.
(3)Solar energy can even be used for cooking in many places in Africa.
(4)These can be used in heating swimming pools and power hybrid car on industrial basis too.
Some facts and Why solar Energy is important?
(1)A home solar system is typically made up of solar panels, an inverter, a battery, a charge controller, wiring and support structure
(2)A 1-kilowatt home solar system consists of about 10-12 solar panels and requires about 100 square feet of installation area.
(3)A 1 kilowatt home solar system will generate approximately 1,600 kilowatt hours per year in a sunny climate (receiving 5.5 hours of sunshine per day) and approximately 750 kilowatt hours per year in a cloudy climate (receiving 2.5 hours of sunshine per day).
(4)The system usually comes with a 5-year warranty, although the solar panels are warranted for 20.Only battery needs to be replaced.
(5)Relying on the battery back up, a solar energy system can provide electricity 24x7, even on cloudy days and at night.
(6)A 1-kilowatt home solar system will prevent approximately 170 lbs. of coal from being burned, 300 lbs of CO2 from being released into the atmosphere and 105 gallons of water from being consumed each month!
(7)The sun is also the main source of non-renewable fossil fuels (coal, gas and petroleum), which began life as plants or animals whose energy came from the sun millions of year ago.
(8)Solar energy is responsible for weather patterns and ocean currents.
(9)In one hour more sunlight falls on the earth than what is used by the entire population in one year.
(10)Electric ovens consume the most amount of electricity, followed by microwaves and central air conditioning.
(11)Third world countries with an abundance of sunlight and a population currently without electricity, represents the fastest growing market for solar energy, with the largest domestic market being the utilities sector.
(12)Shell Oil predicts that 50% of the world's energy will come from renewable sources by 2040.

FFV vehicle and regular Gasoline vehicle

FFV(Flexible Fuel Vehicle) is some times called multiple fuel vehicle is also an IC engine and this is designed to operate on gasoline, E10, E85 and mixture of E85 and gasoline. The main part of FFV is Electronic Control Unit (ECU) that enables to use various fuels with proper management inside using software and electronic sensors. In FFV there is mechanism of detecting the ethanol and gasoline ratio and make appropriate adjustment to engine ignition timings and air fuel ratio that accounts for ethanol and optimize performance and emission control. All processes are done automatically according to the actual blending detected by the sensors. However FFV does not need cold start ancillary system. Some modification needed such as some rubber, plastic, magnesium and aluminum which are used to make gas tank, pump, and tubes for distributing oils and injector nozzle needs replaced with other materials or may be corrosion resistant. The width of the injector nozzle has to be expanded to meet higher circulation of fuel and valve, the piston, piston ring and spark plug has to be modified.
Pure ethanol is different than conventional gasoline in the sense that it has the constant boiling point temperature, higher octane rating, lower energy density and needs more heat for vaporization. If we consider the blend of E85 fuels by volume then this blend now have higher octane, low energy density than the regular gasoline and this contains only 69-74% of energy of regular gasoline. Hence this shows that this needs 35% more fuel and fuel handling infrastructure (fuel tanks and delivery) than the original gasoline engine to enable the same level of mobility (total vehicles miles of travel).with stoichiometric air fuel ratio of 10( it is almost 15 for gasoline),E85 needs more fuels per pound per air for optimum combustion.
Operating priciple of FFV:The operating principle is some how different than the using bioethanol as fules. These engines are operating on compression ignition principles (CI engine).All most all diesel engine runs happily with biodiesel if the biodiesel is of high quality and pure. New diesel engine does not need any engine modification when there are running up to 20% blending (B20) blending and the biodiesel is pure (as per ASTM). However engine needs the following modification when to run with biodiesel.
Rubber Seals: Rubber used for seal should be replaced with non rubber products such as VITONTM because biodiesel reacts with rubber
Cold Start: Problems for cold starting when high blends biodiesel are used and the concentration is more .This is overcome by the adding fuel heating system or using biodegradable additives reduces viscosity of the biodiesel.
Oil Change: Frequent oil changes are necessary when operating biodiesel. This depends on the type of the bio diesel used on the engine.
Engine Timing: Higher blends engine performance will improve when 2-3 degree changing on the engine timing for 100% blend. Use of advance injection timing and increase in injection timings are necessary for reducing NOx emission.

Alternative Energy & Nepal

Alternative Energy:Some Creation in Nepal

Turbine Installation in MHP Project with support of Local People


Two Turbine Synchronized to Produce Power rarely used in MHP

3jets Peltric set used for Power Production

There are different types of energy system available to us in Nepal. One kind is consumable type of energy and the other is non consumable type. The previous one has limited resource and becoming extinct day by day and the last one is non consumable type i.e renewable type of energy resources. We can use these types of renewable energy resources for power generation for ever and ever. Solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy, hydro power are example of renewable energy sources. Cheap availability and consequent generation of power may pave a way for every sector of development.

Energy is most necessary things in the present world. Nothing can be done with out energy now days. It is mandatory for the promotion of development activities such as education, communication, health care, transportation and infrastructure for reasonable standard of living. It is crucial for economical development including employment. There are five type energy consumption patterns in our country. They are residential, industrial, commercial and agricultural sector.
­­­



Local People Contributing to Consctruction works (Both Man & Woman)

Energy is the basic need of survival. In our Country,It is mandatory for the rural people.The same water wasting in the river day by day and we are watching from our ancestor to our generation and are not worry about using such huge amount of energy in the territory and roaming and searching other type of energy sources that we have to spent billion of dollar and directly or indirectly contributing to the terrorist country. We can use water for the generation of the electricity and the same water from the tail race can be used for irrigation or for next power generation.There are varius sites that has been gifted by nature in our country which can be used for generation of power several times. Similary solar energy with solar water heating system as well as with solar electricity can be used in very remote places where micro hydro power isnot feasible to generate and distribute.


Dual Potential for Water MHP &Irrigation with Tail Race Water

Furthermore, We are not apetite for talking about Hydropower Potential but it is time for doing some thing about the immense water resource(White fuel ) running in the river is the main potential of energy sources in our country. It has been recognized that Nepal’s main natural resources is its abundant hydropower potential. The distinct topography of our country with its high hills and more than 6000 rivers and innumerable rivulets criss crossing the country have potential of 42000MW hydro electricity which is economically feasible. Despite the immense hydropower potential in Nepal, only [1]40% of its population have access to electricity including 33% form NEA grid and 7% from other alternative source of electricity.
­­­
­­­­I think Micro & Mini Hydro Power generation and distribution to local people is immense idea for the economic distribution of power .Power generation from from local stream and Distribution to nearby load center is the economical to the user as well as developer. prevailent subsidy mechanism and transparent process of construction and installation are main ways for this creation to rural energy sector.Another important relevant thing is that larger hydro electric power project requires huge amount of investment consequently they have long payback period on the contrary MHP requires less amount of investment with completion in short time with less payback period. The government of Nepal can not afford mega project in the hydel sector with its own resources and this is impossible without investment by foreign multinational company. .Hence micro hydro power generation system are mandatory for developing country like Nepal in the remote and hill territory.
[1] Sources : Kantipur National Daily & WECS

The Alternative Energy Promotion Centre (AEPC), Energy Sector Assistance Programme-DANIDA and Rural Energy Development Programme (REDP/UNDP) can be regarded as the apex institutions for the support of Alternative Energy Sector in Nepal sector.

The Solar Tuki is replacing Traditional type of Kerosene Tuki minimizing smokes(Minimizing Indoor Air Pollution)

This is Miracle for Rural People for Rural Communication by Solar Electricity ,Many more villager are benefitting from these type of technology in Nepal)

Improved Cooking Stoves with Heater for Hot Water in New Version used in remote and cold regions in Nepal

http://www.blogger.com/img/blank.gif

I will share further experiences about MHP& others Renewable Energy System in Nepal that I have experienced during my jobs
Mail to me:-mukeshpokharel@hotmail.com

More links Institute Working in RET

AEPC/ESAP
REDP/UNDP
Center For Energy Study/Institute of Engineering/TU/Nepal

RIDS